Fixed partial Denture

A Fixed Partial Denture (FPD), commonly known as a bridge, is a dental prosthetic used to replace one or more missing teeth. It is called “fixed” because it is cemented into place and is not removable by the patient, unlike removable dentures. The bridge is typically supported by natural teeth or implants on either side of the gap left by the missing teeth.

Key Features of a Fixed Partial Denture:

  1. Components:
    • Pontic: The artificial tooth that replaces the missing tooth or teeth.
    • Abutments: The natural teeth or implants on either side of the gap that support the bridge.
    • Retainers: These are parts of the bridge that fit over the abutment teeth to hold the bridge in place.
  1. Types of Fixed Partial Dentures:
    • Traditional Fixed Bridge: The most common type, where the pontic is held in place by crowns placed over the abutment teeth.
    • Cantilever Bridge: Used when there are healthy abutments on only one side of the missing tooth.
    • Maryland Bridge: A less invasive type, where the pontic is supported by metal or porcelain wings that are bonded to the back of the abutment teeth.
    • Implant-Supported Bridge: When implants are used as the abutments instead of natural teeth.
  1. Materials Used:
    • Porcelain: Often used because it closely resembles the natural color and appearance of teeth.
    • Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM): Combines the strength of metal with the natural look of porcelain.
    • All-Metal (e.g., gold): Often used for back teeth, where esthetics are less of a concern.
    • Zirconia: A strong, durable material that also has a natural appearance.
  1. Procedure for Getting a Fixed Partial Denture:
    • Consultation and Examination: The dentist will assess the condition of your teeth and gums and determine whether a fixed partial denture is the right option.
    • Preparation: The abutment teeth may need to be reshaped to accommodate crowns.
    • Impressions: The dentist takes impressions of your teeth to create a custom prosthetic.
    • Temporary Bridge: A temporary bridge may be placed while the permanent bridge is being fabricated.
    • Fitting: Once the permanent bridge is ready, it is tried on for fit and adjusted if necessary.
    • Cementing: The final bridge is permanently cemented into place.

Advantages of Fixed Partial Dentures:

  • Improved Appearance: The bridge restores the natural look of your smile.
  • Restored Function: It allows you to chew and speak more naturally.
  • Long-lasting: With proper care, fixed partial dentures can last many years.
  • Prevents Shifting of Teeth: Filling the gap prevents the remaining teeth from shifting into the empty space.

Disadvantages:

  • Invasive: The process often involves reshaping the abutment teeth, which might lead to sensitivity or other complications.
  • Cost: Fixed partial dentures can be more expensive than other options, such as removable dentures.
  • Risk of Decay: The abutment teeth can be at risk of decay or damage, especially if not properly cared for.

Maintenance:

  • Oral Hygiene: Brush and floss carefully, especially around the bridge to prevent plaque buildup.
  • Regular Dental Checkups: It’s important to visit your dentist regularly to ensure the health of your bridge and surrounding teeth.

A fixed partial denture is an effective solution for restoring missing teeth, enhancing both function and appearance.

The procedure typically involves the following steps:

Assessment and Planning

The dentist evaluates the patient's oral health and designs a bridge to match the natural teeth.

Preparation of Abutment Teeth

The adjacent teeth are prepared by shaping them to accommodate crowns that will support the bridge.

Impressions

Impressions of the prepared teeth and surrounding structures are taken to create a custom bridge.

Temporary Bridge

A temporary bridge may be placed to protect the prepared teeth while the permanent bridge is being fabricated.

Placement of the Permanent Bridge

Once the permanent bridge is ready, it is fitted and adjusted for comfort and aesthetics before being permanently cemented in place.

Fixed partial dentures are durable and provide a natural appearance, helping to restore function for chewing and speaking. They also prevent the shifting of surrounding teeth, which can occur after tooth loss.

Meet Our Specialist

DR. C. Binila Asir

DR. C. Binila Asir

MDS

DR. A. Bladbin

DR. A. Bladbin

MBBS(Ukraine), LLB, MDS(OMFS), PHD(Srilanka), PHD(Hons), FAM(Ger), MCHT(Ger), MCDC(Ger)